The purpose and characteristics of embedded systems

1.1.3 Embedded Systems

Embedded Systems — Note 1 of 2

What you need to know

An embedded system is a computer system designed to perform specific, dedicated functions within a larger mechanical or electronic device. It is 'embedded' into the device to control particular operations.

What to know

Designed for ONE specific purpose — unlike a general-purpose computer which can run many different programs.
Built INTO other devices and cannot easily be separated from them.
Typically have minimal or no user interface.
Optimised for efficiency and reliability — often low power, small, and efficient.
Has a dedicated microprocessor and its own firmware/software stored in ROM.
Its instructions/operation are hard to change or update — unlike general-purpose software.

Key terms

Embedded System: A computer system built into a larger device to perform one specific task or set of related tasks.

Exam technique

Tip:If asked to describe characteristics of embedded systems, always include: specific/dedicated purpose, built into a larger device, minimal user interface, and low power/small size.
Tip:If the question already says 'it is built into a car', do NOT repeat 'built into a larger device' as a characteristic — the examiner will not credit it. Give DIFFERENT characteristics.

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