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Knowledge organisers / Operating Systems

The purpose and functionality of operating systems: User interface, Memory management and multitasking, Peripheral management and drivers, User management, File management

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Knowledge organiser

Operating Systems

1.5.1a

What you need to know

An operating system (OS) is software that manages and controls the computer. Without an OS, the computer would not be usable. Key functions include providing a user interface, managing memory, peripherals, users, and files.

Key points

  • Definition:Operating System: software that manages and controls the computer's hardware and software resources, providing an interface for the user.
  • Examples: Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, iOS.
  • Five key functions: user interface, memory management/multitasking, peripheral management/drivers, user management, file management.
  • Without an operating system, users could not interact with or use the computer.
  • Exam Tip:Be able to explain ALL FIVE functions of an OS. Each one is a separate exam point.
  • Exam Example:Table question — 'Moves data from secondary storage to RAM' = Memory management. 'Allows the user to create, name and delete folders' = File management. 'Reading data from a scanner' = Peripheral management. 'Changing a password' = User management.