The different roles of computers in a client-server and a peer-to peer network

1.3.1 Networks and topologies

Networks and topologies — Note 3 of 10

What you need to know

Networks can be organised using a client-server model (centralised) or a peer-to-peer model (decentralised). Each has advantages and disadvantages depending on the network's purpose and size.

What to know

Client-server: centralised management, easier to back up and secure, but server failure affects the whole network.
Peer-to-peer: no central point of failure, easy to set up, but harder to manage security and backups.

Key terms

Client-Server: Servers are powerful computers that control the network and provide services/resources to clients. Clients send requests; servers respond.
Peer-to-PeerP2P: All computers have equal status. Each peer can act as both a client AND a server. No central server.

Exam technique

Tip:Client-server is better for larger, business networks (centralised control, security). Peer-to-peer is better for small, simple networks.
Mistake:Saying peer-to-peer 'has no server'. Each peer ACTS as a server — it can provide resources to other peers.
Tip:A 'website' is NOT a computer — don't say 'the website is the server'. The WEB SERVER that hosts the website is the server.

Example:'Identify the client and server — an artist uploads images to a website.' Client = the artist's computer (sends the request). Server = the web server (receives and stores the images).

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