Factors that affect the performance of networks

1.3.1 Networks and topologies

Networks and topologies — Note 2 of 10

What you need to know

Network performance depends on several factors including bandwidth and the number of connected devices. Understanding these helps explain why networks can slow down or perform poorly.

What to know

Higher bandwidth = faster data transfer and better performance.
More devices connected = bandwidth is shared = each device gets less, potentially slowing the network.
Insufficient bandwidth causes slow loading times and poor performance.
Other factors include: the type of connection (wired vs wireless), network traffic/interference, hardware quality, error rate, and distance between nodes.
Other effects of more devices: more data collisions, more packets need retransmitting, central hardware has to handle more requests.

Key terms

Exam tipCommon mistake

Bandwidth: The maximum amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in a given time, measured in bits per second (bps).
Exam tip: When explaining why a network is slow, always consider bandwidth AND number of connected devices — more users sharing limited bandwidth reduces speed for everyone.
Exam tip: 'More devices = bandwidth is SHARED between them = each device gets LESS bandwidth.' Do NOT say 'bandwidth decreases' — the total bandwidth stays the same, but it is split.

Exam technique

Tip:Don't just say 'the network is slower'. Be specific: 'the transmission speed of data decreases' or 'it takes longer for data to be transmitted'.

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