Network performance depends on several factors including bandwidth and the number of connected devices. Understanding these helps explain why networks can slow down or perform poorly.
Key points
Definition:Bandwidth: the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in a given time, measured in bits per second (bps).
Higher bandwidth = faster data transfer and better performance.
More devices connected = bandwidth is shared = each device gets less, potentially slowing the network.
Insufficient bandwidth causes slow loading times and poor performance.
Exam Tip:When explaining why a network is slow, always consider bandwidth AND number of connected devices — more users sharing limited bandwidth reduces speed for everyone.
Other factors include: the type of connection (wired vs wireless), network traffic/interference, hardware quality, error rate, and distance between nodes.
Exam Tip:'More devices = bandwidth is SHARED between them = each device gets LESS bandwidth.' Do NOT say 'bandwidth decreases' — the total bandwidth stays the same, but it is split.
Exam Tip:Don't just say 'the network is slower'. Be specific: 'the transmission speed of data decreases' or 'it takes longer for data to be transmitted'.
Other effects of more devices: more data collisions, more packets need retransmitting, central hardware has to handle more requests.