Network communication is organised into layers, with different protocols operating at each layer. Each layer handles a different part of the communication process and only interacts with the layers directly above and below it.
Key points
Network protocols are organised into LAYERS — each layer handles a specific part of the communication.
Each layer is SELF-CONTAINED — it can be developed and updated independently without affecting other layers.
Layers make TROUBLESHOOTING easier — problems can be identified and fixed in a specific layer without disrupting others.
Each layer only interacts with the layer directly ABOVE and BELOW it.
Exam Tip:You do NOT need to know the specific layers of the TCP/IP model for this exam — just the BENEFITS of using layers.
Exam Tip:Two key benefits to remember: (1) layers can be developed/updated independently without affecting others, (2) different developers can specialise on individual layers.
Definition:Layer: a division of network functionality. Each layer is self-contained and handles one aspect of communication.
Additional benefit: manufacturers can develop hardware for a specific layer. Standards can be set for individual layers. Promotes interoperability between different vendors.