The concept of layers

1.3.2 Wired and wireless networks, protocols and layers

Wired and wireless networks, protocols and layers — Note 13 of 13

What you need to know

Network communication is organised into layers, with different protocols operating at each layer. Each layer handles a different part of the communication process and only interacts with the layers directly above and below it.

What to know

Network protocols are organised into LAYERS — each layer handles a specific part of the communication.
Each layer is SELF-CONTAINED — it can be developed and updated independently without affecting other layers.
Layers make TROUBLESHOOTING easier — problems can be identified and fixed in a specific layer without disrupting others.
Each layer only interacts with the layer directly ABOVE and BELOW it.
Additional benefit: manufacturers can develop hardware for a specific layer. Standards can be set for individual layers. Promotes interoperability between different vendors.

Key terms

Exam tipCommon mistake

Layer: A division of network functionality. Each layer is self-contained and handles one aspect of communication.
Exam tip: You do NOT need to know the specific layers of the TCP/IP model for this exam — just the BENEFITS of using layers.
Exam tip: Two key benefits to remember: (1) layers can be developed/updated independently without affecting others, (2) different developers can specialise on individual layers.

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