Exam technique

Command words

The command word tells you what the examiner wants. The most common slip is describing when the question asks you to explain.

Read the question first

• Find the command word — it tells you what kind of answer is wanted.
• Use the marks as a guide: one separate, relevant point per mark.
• Underline the key words and the scenario details you need to use.

Use the scenario

• Generic answers that could fit any question rarely get full marks.
• Link every reason back to the scenario: “… because …, so …”.

Calculations

• Write the formula, then substitute the numbers — method marks are available even if the answer is wrong.
• Convert units first (for example kHz to Hz) and give the unit the question asks for.

Writing algorithms

Mark schemes usually give a mark for each building block below, so work through them in order. You can use OCR Exam Reference Language or a high-level language such as Python.

1. 1

   Input — Ask for each value the question mentions and store it in a variable. Cast numbers with int() or float().

2. 2

   Initialise — Set totals, counters and flags before the loop, e.g. total = 0.

3. 3

   Loop — Repeat the right number of times: for when you know how many, while for “until” or validation.

4. 4

   Decide — Use if / elif to make each check or choice the question describes.

5. 5

   Process — Do the calculation or update inside the loop, e.g. total = total + score.

6. 6

   Output — Print the result after the loop — or return it, if the question asks for a function.

• Use the exact names the question gives for variables, arrays and sub-programs.
• Tick off every requirement in the question. Attempt every step — marks are given for each part, even if the whole algorithm isn't perfect.

Extended answers

• Use the bullet points in the question as your structure.
• Cover both sides, then finish with a conclusion that makes a judgement.

Before you finish

• Answer every part — a blank scores nothing.
• Check each answer against its command word: did you explain, or only describe?